🧠 What Are the 8 Parts of Speech?

The 8 parts of speech are basic building blocks of English grammar. They tell us how a word works in a sentence.

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1. Noun

A noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or idea.

Examples:

• Person: teacher, John

• Place: school, Myanmar

• Thing: book, pen

• Idea: freedom, happiness

Subtypes:

• Common noun – general name (e.g., city, dog)

• Proper noun – specific name (e.g., Yangon, Alex)

• Concrete noun – can be seen or touched (e.g., apple, phone)

• Abstract noun – ideas/feelings (e.g., love, honesty)

• Countable noun – can be counted (e.g., books, cars)

• Uncountable noun – can’t be counted (e.g., water, rice)

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2. Pronoun

A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun.

Examples:

• I, you, he, she, it, we, they

• John is happy. → He is happy.

Subtypes:

• Personal pronouns – I, you, he, she, etc.

• Possessive pronouns – my, your, his, her, etc.

• Reflexive pronouns – myself, yourself, etc.

• Demonstrative pronouns – this, that, these, those

• Relative pronouns – who, which, that

• Interrogative pronouns – who, what, which

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3. Verb

A verb is a word that shows action or state.

Examples:

• Action: run, eat, write

• State: is, seem, feel

Subtypes:

• Main verbs – express main action (e.g., go, talk)

• Helping verbs – help the main verb (e.g., is going, has eaten)

• Transitive verbs – need an object (e.g., She reads a book.)

• Intransitive verbs – don’t need an object (e.g., He sleeps.)

• Regular verbs – add -ed in past (e.g., walk → walked)

• Irregular verbs – change form (e.g., go → went)

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4. Adjective

An adjective describes a noun (tells what kind, how many, etc.).

Examples:

• beautiful girl

• three cats

• tall, red, happy

Subtypes:

• Descriptive adjectives – describe quality (e.g., soft, large)

• Quantitative adjectives – show quantity (e.g., some, many)

• Demonstrative adjectives – this, that, these, those

• Possessive adjectives – my, your, his, her

• Interrogative adjectives – which, what, whose

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5. Adverb

An adverb modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb. It tells how, when, where, or how much.

Examples:

• He runs quickly. (how)

• I’ll go tomorrow. (when)

• She is very smart. (how much)

Subtypes:

• Manner – how (e.g., slowly, neatly)

• Time – when (e.g., now, yesterday)

• Place – where (e.g., here, outside)

• Frequency – how often (e.g., always, never)

• Degree – how much (e.g., very, quite)

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6. Preposition

A preposition shows the relationship between a noun/pronoun and another word (often shows place, time, or direction).

Examples:

• The cat is on the table.

• We went to the park.

Common Prepositions:

• Place – in, on, under, behind

• Time – at, on, in, before

• Direction – to, into, onto, from

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7. Conjunction

A conjunction joins words, phrases, or sentences.

Examples:

• I like tea and coffee.

• He was tired, but he worked.

Subtypes:

• Coordinating – and, but, or, so, yet

• Subordinating – because, although, if, when

• Correlative – either...or, neither...nor, both...and

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8. Interjection

An interjection is a short word that expresses emotion.

Examples:

• Wow! That’s amazing.

• Oops! I dropped it.

Common Interjections:

• Oh, Wow, Ouch, Hey, Hooray, Hmm

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📝 Summary Table

Exercise 3: Find the Part of Speech in Each Sentence

Select the word that matches the given part of speech in each sentence.

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